The New Indian Journal of OBGYN. 8(2):304-307

Role of serum leptin in prediction of pregnancy outcome in women with early pregnancy loss

Sheela Maddeshiya,Shakti Jain,Shalini Singh

ABSTRACT

Background: Early pregnancy loss occurs in both natural and in-vitro fertilization mediated pregnancies. Clinical miscarriages occur in 8% of pregnancies. Most clinically apparent miscarriages occur during the first trimester and aetiology is often unknown. Aim: To determine and compare the level of serum leptin in cases of unexplained early pregnancy loss and previous normal pregnancies and to observe the association between level of serum leptin and pregnancy outcome. Methodology: This case control study was carried out on total of 77 pregnant women in first trimester attending outpatient department and indoor cases in Swaroop Rani Nehru hospital and Kamla Nehru Memorial hospital, Prayagraj over a period of twelve months from September 2018 to August 2019. Patients were divided in two groups: Group I (n=52) included women with history of previous abortion and group II (n=25) included women with history of no previous abortions. Serum level of leptin hormone was measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Result: In this study the mean serum leptin level was 19.554±7.50 ng/ml in 1st sample at 5-8 week and 27.33± 9.705 ng/ml in 2nd sample at 9-12 week in cases with history of previous early pregnancy loss which was higher as compared to control (12.75±2.147 ng/ml and 17.62±6.53 ng/ml respectively) which was statically significant (p<0.0001). The mean serum leptin levels in pregnant women who aborted during study was higher (21.652±7.716 ng/ml at 5-8 weeks and 31.472±8.56 ng/ml at 9-12 weeks) than the women who had successful continuation of pregnancy (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Hyperleptinemia was associated with early pregnancy loss. Estimation of the serum level of leptin hormone could be used in cases of early pregnancy loss as a predictor of pregnancy continuation.