The New Indian Journal of OBGYN. 11(2):376-379

Histopathological profile of cervical lesions: a hospital based retrospective study

Barnali Das, Krishangee Bordoloi, Ashok Jyoti Deka

ABSTRACT

Background: The cervix is the lower portion of the uterus comprising part of the female reproductive tract. A wide variety of conditions can affect the cervix ranging from trivial injuries, infections, precancerous lesions to overt malignancies. Cervical cancer develops from precancerous lesions and can be prevented if detected early in the process. Histopathological examination offers definitive diagnosis of the lesions and help in the overall management of the cases. Aim: This study aims to determine the histopathological patterns of various non-neoplastic and neoplastic cervical lesions. Methodology: A hospital based retrospective study conducted over a period of one year. A total of 158 cases of cervical tissues sent for histopathological examination were studied with hematoxylin and eosin stained slides. Results: The age ranged from 22 years to 70 years. Most of the cases were found in age group of 41-50 years (87/158, 55.1%). Out of the 158 cases, majority of the cases i.e 140 cases (88.6%) were non-neoplastic while 18 cases (11.4%) were neoplastic. Amongst the non-neoplastic cases the most common lesion was chronic non-specific cervicitis (123/158, 77.85%). Among the neoplastic lesions, invasive lesions (8/158, 5.06%) were more common with all the cases being squamous cell carcinomas (8/8,100%). Among the squamous cell carcinomas, most cases were moderately differentiated type (4/8, 50%). Conclusion: A wide variety of pathological lesions can occur in the cervix. Non-neoplastic lesions were more common than neoplastic lesions. Chronic non-specific cervicitis was the commonest non-neoplastic lesion and Squamous cell carcinoma was the commonest type of neoplastic lesion. Histopathological examination plays an important role for definitive diagnosis of the lesions on which basis further management can be embarked.