The New Indian Journal of OBGYN. 12(1):26-32

A comparative study of vitamin – D level in preeclampsia, eclampsia and normotensive women

Padma Shukla, Neha Khatik, Aparna Janardan

ABSTRACT

Background: Preeclampsia is a disorder of unknown etiology, establishing the role of vitamin D in disease prognosis and treatment could bring a change in maternal mortality. Objectives: This study is to compare the level of vitamin D in the pregnancy of normotensive and pre-eclamptic women and to find the association between vitamin D level and severity of pre-eclampsia, maternal and perinatal outcome. Method: This was a prospective comparative observational study. This study included 100 normotensive women as control and 100 hypertensive women, consists of 69 mild pre-eclampsia, 25 severe pre-eclampsia and 6 eclampsia as cases. This study was conducted in Shyam Shah Medical College (MP). Single blood sample obtained from all the groups. Demographics and vitamin D levels compared between all the groups. Results: Vitamin D deficiency was low in all women; the incidence was more among pre-eclampsia, eclampsia group. Mean level of vitamin D was 13.31±7.5 ng/dl in normotensive, 8.31± 5.24 ng/dl in mild pre-eclampsia, 5.56± 1.95 ng/dl in severe pre-eclampsia and 4.97± 1.55 ng/dl in eclampsia. Mean vitamin D levels among the cases with good maternal outcome were 7.8±4.85ng/dl and 4.87±1.59 ng/dl in poor maternal outcome. Vitamin D deficiency can result in preterm deliveries and low birth weight babies. Mean vitamin D levels in women of healthy babies were 8.02±5.04 ng/dl, 5.45±1.25ng/dl in women of babies shifted NICU and 4.24±0.55 ng/dl among women of intra uterine death fetuses. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy can be associated with preeclampsia and poor maternal, fetal outcome.